CONCORD, N.H. – The New Hampshire Fish and Game Department will hold a
public meeting on a proposal to reintroduce alewives and blueback herring,
commonly referred to as river herring, into Lake Winnisquam. The meeting
will take place on Thursday, April 19, at 7:00 p.m., at the Belknap County
Sportsmen’s Association meeting hall at 182 Lily Pond Road, Gilford, N.H.
(near the Laconia Municipal Airport).
Fish and Game is inviting public comment on the proposed reintroduction,
part of the first phase of a revised river herring restoration plan for the
Merrimack River. The goal of the plan is to restore the abundant population
of river herring that once migrated from the ocean to spawn in the Merrimack
River each spring. Increasing the number of herring that reach the Amoskeag
Dam Fishway in Manchester would facilitate a large-scale “trap and transfer”
effort in the Merrimack River watershed.
River herring once migrated from the ocean to coastal rivers each spring in
incredible numbers to spawn in lakes, ponds and streams. River herring and
their offspring provided an abundant food source for countless
predators. Over the years, dams, pollution and overfishing have taken their
toll on New Hampshire’s river herring populations, and today their numbers
are just a fraction of their potential.
The New Hampshire project would be modeled after the successful restoration
project on the Kennebec River. Beginning in 1987, the Maine Department of
Marine Resources undertook an ambitious plan to restore river herring to the
Kennebec River. Thousands of adult alewives and blueback herring were
stocked in the lakes and tributaries of the Kennebec River to boost the
spawning population. Now, after improving access to spawning habitat with
multiple fish passage and dam removal projects, over 2 million river herring
swim up the Kennebec River each spring, one of the largest river herring
runs on the East Coast.
Like the Kennebec, the Merrimack River offers great potential for river
herring restoration, but these days only a few hundred fish are counted at
the Essex Dam Fishway in Lawrence, Massachusetts, each spring.
This is not the first time herring have been reintroduced to Winnisquam. In
the mid- to late 1980s, N.H. Fish and Game transported alewives from the
Androscoggin River in Maine into Winnisquam Lake. Five years later, nearly
400,000 river herring returned to the Merrimack River. Unfortunately,
fisheries managers were not equipped to transport this number of fish
upstream, and river herring were unable to access suitable habitat above the
Hooksett Dam. Alewives were last stocked in Lake Winnisquam in 1990 and, by
the end of the decade, the number of fish returning to the Merrimack River
had dropped significantly.
Since that time, Public Service of New Hampshire has built a "trap and
transport" facility at the Amoskeag Dam in Manchester, so biologists would
be able to capture migrating river herring at the Amoskeag Dam Fishway and
transport them to suitable spawning habitat throughout the Merrimack River
watershed.
The difference between river herring restoration in the Kennebec River and
the Merrimack River has been a matter of scale. Biologists in Maine were
able to stock tens of thousands of river herring into large lakes in the
upper watershed by capturing river herring in the lower Kennebec River. In
New Hampshire, aside from the brief population increase in the early 1990s,
biologists have not had access to large numbers of river herring for
transfer. Thanks to the cooperation of the Maine Department of Marine
Resources, river herring from Maine waters are now available to stock in New
Hampshire.
"By stocking Lake Winnisquam, we hope to regenerate an abundant run of river
herring that will migrate up the Merrimack River and reach the Amoskeag Dam
Fishway. River herring could then be transferred from the Amoskeag Fishway
in large numbers to spawning habitat upstream," explained fisheries
biologist Matthew Carpenter, who coordinates N.H. Fish and Game’s anadromous
fisheries program.
The second phase of the restoration plan involves building fish passage and
removing barriers to migration so that, in the long term, river herring trap
and transport would no longer be necessary. "The ultimate goal of the
proposed project is to create an abundant, self-sustaining population of
river herring in the Merrimack River watershed," said Carpenter.
For directions to the Belknap County Sportsmen’s Association go to:
http://www.belknapsportsmensclub.com.
Anadromous fisheries management in New Hampshire is supported in part by
Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration Program funds.
The New Hampshire Fish and Game Department works in partnership with the
public to conserve and manage the state’s fish, wildlife and marine
resources and their habitats. Visit http://www.fishnh.com.